Pink and white grapefruit juice and orange juice were found to have more favorable nutrient density scores compared with other commonly consumed 100% fruit juices, including apple, grape, pineapple, and prune ( 6). Reference data for labeling purposes ( 4) indicate that a serving of pink or red grapefruit, corresponding to ½ of a medium fruit (154 g), provides 100% of the Daily Value (DV) of vitamin C, 35% of the DV for vitamin A, 8% of the DV for fiber, 5% of the DV for potassium, and less than 5% of the DV for folate, calcium, magnesium, vitamin B 6, thiamin, and niacin ( 5). Like oranges and 100% orange juice, grapefruit and 100% grapefruit juice are also citrus fruits that are particularly concentrated sources of vitamin C and a source of other nutrients. Among both men and women, the top five contributors to total fruit consumption are 100% orange juice, bananas, apples, oranges, and watermelon collectively, these five items account for 53 and 46% of total fruit intake by men and women, respectively ( 3). The Dietary Guidelines for Americans encourage consumption of a nutrient-dense diet rich in fruits and vegetables ( 1), though most Americans fall short of meeting the recommended levels of fruit intake ( 2). Among women, grapefruit consumption was associated with lower body weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), triglycerides, C-reactive protein (CRP), and higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ( P<0.05), However, risk of being overweight/obese was not associated with grapefruit consumption. Diet quality as assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) was higher in grapefruit consumers (males: 66.2 vs. Potassium and β-carotene intakes were significantly higher among grapefruit consumers ( P<0.001). 43% P<0.001) and magnesium ( P<0.05) below the estimated average requirement (EAR) compared to non-consumers, and they were more likely to meet adequate intake levels for dietary fiber ( P<0.05). Grapefruit consumers were less likely to have usual intakes of vitamin C (males: 0% vs. Among adults aged 19+ years with 2 days of dietary recall ( n=12,789), 2.5% of males and 2.7% of females reported consumption of 100% grapefruit juice or fresh, canned, or frozen grapefruit during the recalls.
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